Bicycle

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OBJECT TYPE
ordinary/direct drive
DATE
1871
ARTIFACT NUMBER
1981.0206.001
MANUFACTURER
Starley & Smith
MODEL
Ariel
LOCATION
Coventry, England

More Information


General Information

Serial #
N/A
Part Number
1
Total Parts
1
AKA
N/A
Patents
N/A
General Description
METAL FRAME/ METAL WHEEL W. RUBBER TIRES/ WOOD HANDGRIPS/ LEATHER SADDLE/ METAL & RUBBER PEDALS

Dimensions

Note: These reflect the general size for storage and are not necessarily representative of the object's true dimensions.

Length
132.0 cm
Width
42.3 cm
Height
116.5 cm
Thickness
N/A
Weight
N/A
Diameter
N/A
Volume
N/A

Lexicon

Group
Non-motorized Ground Transportation
Category
Cycles & cycling
Sub-Category
N/A

Manufacturer

AKA
Starley Smith
Country
England
State/Province
Unknown
City
Coventry

Context

Country
Unknown
State/Province
Unknown
Period
1870'S (GENERAL)
Canada
The ordinary bicycles were incredibly successful throughout Europe and North America. Bicycle racing came into its own with the ordinary bicycles, because they allowed for faster speeds and more comfortable rides. People also found these cycles trickier to operate due to the height of the rider. In Canada, the first club for Ordinary bicycles was opened in 1878 in Montreal in order to teach riders how to operate these faster machines. It is also true that few women partook in the riding of ordinaries at this time: the bicycle in the 1870s - 1890s was a gendered machine, with different variations existing for men and women. With very few exceptions, riders of the ordinary were men. However, gender relations for the bicycle would change with the introduction of the safety bicycle in 1890. Les bicycles ordinaires étaient notamment un grand succès en Europe et l'Amérique du Nord. Les courses de bicycles avec les nouveaux modèles Ordinaire permettaient des vitesses supérieures pour les coureurs et aussi des voyages plus confortables. Conduire ces nouveaux bicycles étaient plus difficiles par compte, grâce à la hauteur du coureur. Au Canada, le premier club pour les bicycles Ordinaires a ouvert ces portes à Montréal en 1878 pour enseigner aux coureurs comment conduire adéquatement à une vitesse supérieure. Pas grand nombre de femmes ont utilisé des bicycles ordinaires entre 1870 et 1890. Il avait une division des sexes pour ces bicycles. Les variations étaient différentes pour les hommes et les femmes et avec peu déception la plupart des coureurs étaient masculins. Par compte, cette division allait changer pour les bicycles autour des années 1890 avec l'introduction du bicycle de sécurité.
Function
This artifact functions as a means of transportation for a rider. Ce bicycle fonctionne comme un moyen de transport pour un coureur.
Technical
The Ariel is generally known as the first widely accepted ordinary bicycle and it incorporated key innovations that tried to tackle the issues of bicycle design, like the wire spokes and its trueing system, weight, and speed. The big-wheel pattern featured a tubular steel backbone and a solid fork, a shorter and stiffer seat spring, slotted cranks, a rear brake operated by turning the handlebar grips, wire wheels, and solid rubber tires. Tightening the lever bar on each wheel adjusted all the spokes at once to keep the wheel in true. All in all, the Ariel incorporated many key patented innovations into one coherent machine, and provided a competitive and improved bicycle designed for client comfort. Le bicycle ordinaire nommée Ariel est connu pour être le premier bicycle Ordinaire et il a incorporé plusieurs innovations qui cherchaient à faire face aux problèmes de conception. Il a réussi avec des roues à raillons métalliques, un système débauchage et une diminution de poids en plus d'augmenter la vitesse du bicycle. Le patron a garde-roue avait un dos en forme de tuyau sur le dos fait en métal ainsi qu'un ressort de chaise plus court et plus rigide, un frein en arrière qui pouvait être opéré en tournant les guidons et des pneus faits en caoutchouc. En serrant le levier sur chaque roue le coureur pouvait ajuster les rayons et s'assurer de maintenir l'alignement de la roue. Le Ariel a breveté plusieurs innovations pour créer une machine unique et compétitive qui a aussi permis de le conduire avec un confort amélioré.
Area Notes
Unknown

Details

Markings
N/A
Missing
DOES NOT HAVE ORIGINAL REAR WHEEL; SADDLE & PEDALS ARE LIKELY REPLACEMENTS
Finish
FRAME PAINTED BLACK/ STAINEDHANDGRIPS/ BROWN SADDLE
Decoration
N/A

CITE THIS OBJECT

If you choose to share our information about this collection object, please cite:

Starley & Smith, Bicycle, circa 1871, Artifact no. 1981.0206, Ingenium – Canada’s Museums of Science and Innovation, http://collection.ingeniumcanada.org/en/id/1981.0206.001/

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