Lentille de phares à signaux

Utiliser cette image

Puis-je réutiliser cette image sans autorisation? Oui

Les images sur le portail de la collection d’Ingenium ont la licence Creative Commons suivante :

Copyright Ingenium / CC BY-NC-ND (Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)

ATTRIBUER CETTE IMAGE

Ingenium, 1982.0820.001
Permalien:

Ingenium diffuse cette image sous le cadre de licence Creative Commons et encourage son téléchargement et sa réutilisation à des fins non commerciales. Veuillez mentionner Ingenium et citer le numéro de l’artefact.

TÉLÉCHARGER L’IMAGE

ACHETER CETTE IMAGE

Cette image peut être utilisée gratuitement pour des fins non commerciales.

Pour un usage commercial, veuillez consulter nos frais de reproduction et communiquer avec nous pour acheter l’image.

TYPE D’OBJET
third order
DATE
Inconnu
NUMÉRO DE L’ARTEFACT
1982.0820.001
FABRICANT
Barbier, Bénard & Turenne
MODÈLE
Inconnu
EMPLACEMENT
Paris, France

Plus d’information


Renseignements généraux

Nº de série
S/O
Nº de partie
1
Nombre total de parties
2
Ou
S/O
Brevets
S/O
Description générale
Cuprous metal frame with glass lenses and synthetic (possible) sealant

Dimensions

Remarque : Cette information reflète la taille générale pour l’entreposage et ne représente pas nécessairement les véritables dimensions de l’objet.

Longueur
155,0 cm
Largeur
123,0 cm
Hauteur
176,0 cm
Épaisseur
S/O
Poids
S/O
Diamètre
S/O
Volume
S/O

Lexique

Groupe
Physique
Catégorie
Lumière et radiation électromagnétique
Sous-catégorie
S/O

Fabricant

Ou
Barbier
Pays
France
État/province
Inconnu
Ville
Paris

Contexte

Pays
Inconnu
État/province
Inconnu
Période
Unknown
Canada
Canada has the longest coastline in the world and thousands of kilometres of navigable waterways stretching into the heart of the continent. Since European colonization, the settler communities of British North America have been very dependent on international trade for their prosperity. Much of that trade travelled by water, so establishing a network on navigational aids was of critical importance to successive colonial and national governments. Light towers, or houses, were the most elaborate, expensive, and conspicuous of these aids to navigation. Since ancient times, maritime communities and governing bodies have utilized elevated lights to help mariners establish their position and alert them to the presence of a coastline or other obstacle that might not be visible otherwise. In North America, as France and England vied for control of the continent and its riches, the safety and efficiency of shipping – naval and merchant – became a priority. Beginning in the 18th century, both colonial powers built their first lighthouses at Louisbourg in 1733 and Sambro Island in 1758. Because Canadian marine authorities had to mark many waterways and because their tax base and budget were quite meagre, they often made do with the simplest and least expense technologies. They equipped most Canadian light stations with basic catoptric or reflective lanterns. In 1872, out of a total of 314 light lighthouses, just 25 had dioptric lights. The first two were installed in 1830 on the east coast and it was not until 1858 that the colonial government invested in two first-order lights to mark the eastern edge of the continent in Newfoundland. Over the course of the late 19th and early 20th centuies, marine officials gradually converted all of the more important light stations to dioptric and catadioptric lanterns. These served their purpose well for many decades. In the years after the Second World War, the Department of Transport gradually replaced the Fresnel lenses with simpler, lighter optics that were much less costly to make and purchase and required less labour and expertise to maintain. This transition was made possible by the development of small but powerful electric light bulbs.
Fonction
To increase the power and visibility of lighted navigation markers like lighthouses in order to help mariners move safely along coastlines and around dangerous obstacles.
Technique
The use of lenses in lighthouses began in England in the 18th century, and was adopted in the United States by 1810. These early lenses were thick, excessively heavy, and made of poor quality glass and so were not very effective in transferring the energy from the light source out to sea. Then, in 1822, Frenchman Augustin Fresnel presented a design that used refraction to concentrate the light on the desired focal plane. By using a series of lenses and prisms, he was able to refract the light both horizontally and vertically, producing a much stronger beam of light. Installed in the Corduouan lighthouse, Fresnel’s first lens proved much more powerful than its catoptric predecessor. The manufacturing process for producing these lenses was complicated and expensive. The cutting and grinding of the lenses and prisms especially demanded a high level of skill and knowledge. As a consequence, dioptric lights were expensive. Nevertheless, given their superior performance, marine officials around the world quickly embraced this new technology and its offshoot, the catadioptric lens. The Fresnel lens could also be adapted to revolving lights, a feature that became increasingly important for safe navigation. As the number of lights marking coastlines grew through the 19th and into the 20th century, lighthouses authorities needed to find ways to distinguish one light from another. They could do this by adding colour but also by creating a distinct on/off sequence by rotating the light. Technicians had to devise mechanisms to support these heavy lenses and to keep them turning at a regular rate. The mercury float mechanism was one support system devised and it was first used in Canada in 1831 in a lighthouse on Anticosti Island. They used weight-driven clockwork mechanisms to turn the lens first wound by hand like a clock and later powered by electric motors. Lighthouses authorities around the world used Fresnel lenses well into the mid-20th century when advances in electric lighting technology made it possible to use smaller, lighter and less expensive lenses to achieve the same illumination.
Notes sur la région
Inconnu

Détails

Marques
Stamped in several places into the metal of the frame: "BARBIER, BÉNARD & TURENNE/ PARIS"/ In the corners of the frame that make up the different sections of the lens are the numbers "1," "2," "3," "4," "5," or "6" to facilitate its assembly by matching pieces together./ At the top on the proper front is a plate that reads: "19014 BARBIER, BÉNARD & TURENNE _ PARIS 14271/ Stamped into the metal at the proper bottom on the proper front: "14271"
Manque
Appears to be missing a piece to secure the lens access panel at the proper front.
Fini
Dull brass-coloured metal with clear glass and red sealant holding the glass in place with the metal.
Décoration
S/O

FAIRE RÉFÉRENCE À CET OBJET

Si vous souhaitez publier de l’information sur cet objet de collection, veuillez indiquer ce qui suit :

Barbier, Bénard & Turenne, Lentille de phares à signaux, Date inconnue, Numéro de l'artefact 1982.0820, Ingenium - Musées des sciences et de l'innovation du Canada, http://collection.ingeniumcanada.org/fr/id/1982.0820.001/

RÉTROACTION

Envoyer une question ou un commentaire sur cet artefact.

Plus comme ceci


...
Porte

1982.0820.002

Object

...
Lentille de p…

1969.0631.001

Object

...
Lanterne

1966.0883.001

Object

...
Cadre pour fi…

1966.0883.002

Object

...
Lampe à huile

1968.0672.001

Object

Aucune image disponible.
Bouton

1968.0672.003

Object

Aucune image disponible.
Bouton

1968.0672.004

Object

...
Phare

1980.0768.001

Object

...
Lanterne

1972.1347.001

Object

...
Lanterne

1966.0887.001

Object

...
Télescope

1982.0352.001

Object

...
Lanterne

1980.0544.001

Object

...
Lanterne

2012.0007.001

Object

...
Télescope

1968.0528.001

Object

...
Lanterne

1980.0545.001

Object

...
Télescope

1985.0188.001

Object

...
Biprisme

1998.0267.001

Object

...
Lanterne

1966.0884.001

Object

...
Sonnerie

1987.2115.001

Object

...
Sonnerie

1987.2116.001

Object

...
Lanterne

1980.0546.002

Object

...
Lanterne

1980.0546.001

Object

...
Lampe d'essen…

1977.0300.001

Object

...
Renard

2018.0112.001

Object

...
Modèle de ten…

2011.0089.002

Object

...
Modèle de ten…

2011.0093.002

Object

...
Modèle de ten…

2011.0094.002

Object

...
Capuchon d'ob…

2010.0206.005

Object

...
Objectif

1999.0364.001

Object

...
Modèle de ten…

2011.0090.002

Object

...
Télescope

2009.0366.001

Object

...
Lentille de t…

1974.0488.021

Object

...
Lanterne à hu…

1968.0675.001

Object

...
Jumelles

1981.0331.001

Object

...
Médaille comm…

1972.0226.001

Object

...
Télescope

1983.0361.001

Object

...
Lampe à huile

1977.0791.001

Object

...
Modèle de ten…

2011.0087.002

Object

...
Modèle de ten…

2011.0091.002

Object

...
Modèle de ten…

2011.0088.002

Object

...
Modèle de ten…

2011.0095.002

Object

...
Appareil-photo

1989.0302.001

Object

...
Objectif

1991.0657.001

Object

...
Modèle de pha…

1983.0668.001

Object

...
Projecteur

1973.0524.001

Object

...
Télescope

1972.0541.001

Object

...
Télescope

1977.0746.001

Object

...
Télescope

1992.1563.001

Object

...
Oculaire

1979.0079.002

Object

Aucune image disponible.
Oculaire

1966.0228.002

Object

...
Oculaire

1966.0228.003

Object

...
Objectif

1997.0498.001

Object

...
Filtre

1987.2138.001

Object

...
Phare

1977.0797.001

Object

...
Lampe à huile

1977.0789.001

Object

...
Modèle de pha…

1974.0081.001

Object

...
Objectif

1995.1385.001

Object

...
Modèle de ten…

2011.0092.002

Object

...
Exposition de…

1968.0063.001

Object

...
Lampe à huile

1977.0792.001

Object

...
Lanterne à hu…

1975.0523.012

Object

Aucune image disponible.
Objectif

1998.0265.002

Object

...
Modèle de nav…

1971.0679.001

Object

...
Carte roses d…

2015.0009.003

Object

...
Batterie

1993.0037.009

Object

...
Lampe à huile

1977.0793.001

Object

...
Lampe à huile

1977.0793.002

Object

...
Poids

1980.0768.004

Object

...
Pièce d'habit…

2015.0009.004

Object

...
Sphère quadra…

2015.0009.005

Object

...
Sphère quadra…

2015.0009.006

Object

...
Aiguille magn…

2015.0009.007

Object

...
Aiguille magn…

2015.0009.008

Object

...
Barre

2015.0009.009

Object

...
Barre

2015.0009.010

Object

...
Barre

2015.0009.011

Object

...
Barre

2015.0009.012

Object

...
Barre

2015.0009.013

Object

...
Barre

2015.0009.014

Object

...
Barre

2015.0009.015

Object

...
Anneau

2015.0009.016

Object

...
Barre aimantée

2015.0009.017

Object

...
Barre

2015.0009.018

Object

...
Barre

2015.0009.019

Object

...
Barre

2015.0009.020

Object

...
Barre

2015.0009.021

Object

...
Barre

2015.0009.022

Object

...
Barre

2015.0009.023

Object

...
Barre

2015.0009.024

Object

...
Barre

2015.0009.025

Object

...
Barre

2015.0009.026

Object

...
Barre

2015.0009.027

Object

...
Barre

2015.0009.028

Object

...
Barre

2015.0009.029

Object

...
Barre

2015.0009.030

Object

...
Tige

2015.0009.031

Object

...
Collet

2015.0009.032

Object

...
Carte roses d…

2015.0009.033

Object

...
Aiguille magn…

2015.0009.034

Object

...
Vis de réglage

2015.0009.035

Object